Follow the evidence.
Follow the spine from top to bottom. Count the marks and record their length, especially near the staples.
Look closer. Learn to recognize comic defects with realistic specimens, precise guide lines, and hands-on inspection.
Short stress marks extend inward from the folded spine. This example shows a color-breaking tick: pale paper is visible through the printed ink.
The lens shows the same specimen and defect at a larger scale.
AI-generated fictional specimens with simulated defects. Print texture is illustrative; these are not certified grading examples.
Follow the spine from top to bottom. Count the marks and record their length, especially near the staples.
A color break stays pale as the viewing angle changes. A non-color-breaking stress line mainly changes the reflected light.
Length, number, color loss, and the rest of the book all matter. A tick alone does not establish an exact grade.
Choose the defining visual cue to complete this lesson.